Exercise 1.2 ============ append copies all arguments except for the last one. In contrast, nconc does not copy the lists, but changes the CDR of each of the lists to refer to the following list. With append, none of the arguments is altered., where with nconc, only the last of the lists is not altered. In the first example, nothing is done to list1 and list2. They are simply copied by append, where nconc finally changes list1 to refer to list2. Before nconc, list1 is (1 2 3). Afer nconc it is (1 2 3 4 5 6). In the second example, nconc is the first operation which is executed. This means that list1 is changed to refer to list2. As already said above, list1 now "equals" (1 2 3 4 5 6). Now it is clear. append adds (4 5 6) to (1 2 3 4 5 6) resulting in (1 2 3 4 5 6 4 5 6).